Forest, desertification, land degradation & biodiversity

Photo: Abderrahim Ouarghidi (author) discussing with a farmer about varieties of local crop seeds and medicinal plants in the Ouirgane municipality, Marrakech region, Morocco.

Morocco Protects Traditional Crops and Wild Medicinal Plants

By Abderrahim Ouarghidi*

MARRAKECH (IDN) – The Moroccan proverb 'New things have a charm and old ones should be preserved' has wide applicability in current Moroccan agricultural practices and attitudes toward conventional and local crop varieties.

The revealing adage is part of the Moroccan identity and way of life. Moroccan people are committed to establishing a distinctive modernity based upon existing cultural traditions of which high value is placed.

For instance, there is great preference for local or "beldi" foods, such as "a’slhur" (pure unfiltered honey), "zit ud""(olive oil), and "shriha skouria" (a local fig variety) that have always been appreciated and valued delicacies. Nearly all Moroccan communities consider beldi food items to be healthy, tasty, and nutritious.

: IDN-INPS Middle East & Africa Editor; THE WORLD; Middle East & North Africa; 20 May 2018

Photo: Overgrazing by livestock can lead to land degradation. Credit: The United States Department of Agriculture.

UN Predicts Loss Of $43 Trillion Through Land Degradation

By Jutta Wolf

BERLIN | BONN (IDN) – Land degradation has reached staggering proportions. If the current pace continues unabated, a gargantuan amount of $43,000,000,000,000 ($43 trillion) will be lost to the world economy by the year 2050, warns the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD).

But the anticipated colossal loss can be avoided by spending $4.6 trillion on addressing a combination of human-induced processes adversely affecting the biophysical environment and huge stretches of fertile lands.

: Jutta Wolf; SUSTAINABILITY; Climate Action; 10 May 2018

The Menace of Land Degradation Threatens 3.2 Billion People

By J C Suresh

TORNONTO | MEDELLIN, Colombia (IDN) – Deteriorating land degradation caused by human activities is menacing the well-being of the world's 3.2 billion people, driving species to extinction, escalating climate change, triggering mass human migration and whetting conflict, according to an evidence-based assessment of land degradation and restoration.

The perils of land degradation, which cost the equivalent of about 10 percent of the global annual gross product in 2010 through the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, are spelt out for policymakers in the report produced by the 129-member Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES).

: J C Suresh; SUSTAINABILITY; Forests, desertification, land degradation & biodiversity; 28 April 2018

Photo: The Bahamas National Trust. Credit: IUCN

Investment Boosts Protected Areas Across 79 ACP States

By Jaya Ramachandran

BRUSSELS (IDN | IUCN) – "The protection and sustainable management of biodiversity in ACP countries requires a comprehensive approach that extends beyond the establishment of protected areas," according to Patrick I. Gomes, Secretary-General of the ACP Group.

It is against this backdrop that the ACP (African, Caribbean and Pacific) Group of States supports the Biodiversity and Protected Areas Management (BIOPAMA) Programme, which not only contributes to the protection of terrestrial and marine biodiversity but also seeks to provide relevant data and information to decision-makers at all levels, to enhance biodiversity conservation in ACP countries, Gomes added.

: Jaya Ramachandran; GLOBAL GOVERNANCE; ACP Group of States; 27 December 2017

Photo: Women planting to combat desertification. Credit: UNCCD

Launch of the Fund to Fight Desertification a Key Achievement

By Rita Joshi

BONN (IDN) – The official launch of the Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) Fund is an outstanding achievement for the United Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) in 2017. It is a first-of-its-kind investment vehicle leveraging public sector funds to raise private sector capital for sustainable land management and landscape restoration activities worldwide.

It was launched during the thirteenth session of the Conference of the Parties to the UNCCD (COP13) held in Ordos, China, in September 2017, which adopted 36 decisions and one resolution, including the new UNCCD 2018-2030 Strategic Framework with an initial target size of USD 100 million.

: Rita Joshi; UN INSIDER; 24 December 2017

Photo: Global Landscapes Forum. Credit: Pilar Valbuena

The Price of Forest Degradation and Biodiversity Loss for Livelihoods

By Fabíola Ortiz

BONN (IDN) – Forest degradation and biodiversity loss carry a very heavy price for climate and people’s livelihoods. Restoring forests matters when it comes to growing resilience to climate variation and securing a healthy environment for future generations. This was the main message delivered by experts and community leaders who met in Bonn (December 19-20, 2017) to discuss a more sustainable path to conservation.

“We should stop seeing indigenous peoples, natural resources and forests as a problem. We could see them as a solution,” said Robert Nasi, director general of the Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) which hosted the Global Landscapes Forum, a large science-based platform on sustainable land use.

: Fabiola Ortiz; SUSTAINABILITY; Climate Action; 22 December 2017

Photo: Amazon Rainforest in Brazil. The tropical rainforests of South America contain the largest diversity of species on Earth, including some that have evolved within the past few hundred thousand years. Credit: Wikimedia Commons.

Scientists Urge Radical Change in 'Stewardship of the Earth'

By J C Suresh

TORONTO (IDN) – A group of eminent scientists has issued a terse warning that to prevent widespread misery and catastrophic biodiversity loss, humanity must practice a more environmentally sustainable alternative to business as usual. "Soon it will be too late to shift course away from our failing trajectory, and time is running out," they caution, backed by 15,364 scientist signatories from 184 countries.

In 'A Second Notice' to Humanity, published in the latest issue of BioScience, William J. Ripple, Christopher Wolf, Thomas M. Newsome, Mauro Galetti Mohammed Alamgir, Eileen Crist, Mahmoud I. Mahmoud, and William F. Laurance, write: "This prescription was well articulated by the world's leading scientists 25 years ago, but in most respects, we have not heeded their warning."

: J C Suresh; SUSTAINABILITY; Climate Action; 17 December 2017

Photo: Presentation of the 17.2 million Euro cheque on December 5 to fund initiatives to combat wildlife killing and trafficking in Africa. Credit: CMS.

ACP Greets EU-UN Action To Combat Wildlife Trafficking

BRUSSELS (IDN) – The 79-nation African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States has welcomed the European Union's decision to launch a coordinated action jointly with the United Nations to counter the illegal killing and trafficking of wildlife in Southern and Eastern Africa and the Indian Ocean.

As part of a 30 million Euro (35.3 million U.S. dollars) intervention, the European Union (EU) has signed a 17.2 million Euro (20.35 million U.S. dollars) agreement with three United Nations (UN) agencies – CITES, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, UNODC, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, and CMS, the Convention on Migratory Species.

: IDN-INPS UN Bureau; GLOBAL GOVERNANCE; ACP Group of States; 12 December 2017

Photo: EU and UN officials flanked by Kenya’s Environment Cabinet Secretary Judi Wakhungu (first from the right among the seated officials) during the signing of Euro 17.2 million from the EU to fund initiatives to combat wildlife killing and trafficking in Africa. Credit: Justus Wanzala | IDN-INPS.

EU & UN Aid African Countries in Fighting Wildlife Trafficking

By Justus Wanzala

NAIROBI (IDN) – African and Asian countries face a huge challenge in protecting their wildlife from the illegal killing and trafficking that has already endangered some species.

Over the years, national and regional efforts to combat the threat have met with mixed success and wildlife and their products continue to be sold in many countries around the world.

Figures released in March 2017 by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) under its Monitoring the Illegal Killing of Elephants (MIKE) programme showed that by 2016 the trend in poaching of African elephants – which had increased steadily since 2006, peaking in 2011– had been halted and stabilised. Nevertheless, the levels of illegal killing still remained unacceptably high overall.

: Justus Wanzala; UN INSIDER; 10 December 2017

Photo: Leaders from Indigenous communities speak at a press conference in COP 23. Credit: Stella Paul | IDN-INPS

COP23 Finally Provides a Platform for Indigenous People on Climate Talks

By Stella Paul

BONN (IDN) – Patricia Gualinga has been coming to the UN climate change conferences for several years. She usually receives 2-3 minutes on a panel of a side event on indigenous issues during which she tells about the struggles of her community – the Kichwas of Ecuador.

The struggles are, typically, of surviving in an environment where water is fast depleting, air is polluted, land is taken away and tribe members are evicted from their homes – all in the name of development. Sarayaku – where Gualinga comes from – is an Amazonian province in which the degradation is often caused by large oil explorers.